• A few of the islet specific proteins identified in the

  2022-10-12

  

  A few of the islet-specific proteins identified in the present study have previously been described in various contexts of pancreatic islets, i.e. PTPRN, SCG5, SCGN, SNAP25 and SNED1, validating the search algorithm applied and supporting the notion that also the novel proteins identified are indeed

• methylguanine dna methyltransferase In addition during the p

  2022-10-12

  

  In addition, during the preparation of this manuscript, Oka et al. [7] demonstrated that LPA acts as receptor ligand for GPR35 and that LPA is more potent than KYNA in eliciting a calcium mobilization (EC50: 30nM vs. 39μM for LPA and KYNA, respectively). Other endogenous GPR35 ligands, therefore, mi

• br Materials and methods E coli

  2022-10-12

  

  Materials and methods E. coli strains. Strains of E. coli with mutations in the lacZ gene for β-galactosidase [5] and a derivative with a knock-out mutation of the chromosomal gene for FPG produced with P1vir [6] were obtained from H. Schellhorn (McMaster Univ., Hamilton, Ontario, Canada). Growth

• Post translational ubiquitination has been shown to regulate

  2022-10-12

  

  Post-translational ubiquitination has been shown to regulate a wide range of cellular responses, such as the synaptic trafficking and turnover of neurotransmitter receptors (Rape, 2018). Ubiquitination is also engaged in the modification of protein-protein interaction and intracellular signaling tra

• Type diabetes mellitus is characterised by

  2022-10-12

  

  Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterised by two major features: peripheral insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion from pancreatic beta UNC2881 [1]. The condition occurs when the pancreatic beta cells are unable to compensate for increased insulin demand due to insulin resistance in peri

• br Phylogenetic analysis of vertebrate receptors for

  2022-10-12

  

  Phylogenetic analysis of vertebrate receptors for peptides similar to glucagon Genes for receptors for peptides similar to glucagon and other secretin-like hormones have been identified in a number of vertebrate species (Sivarajah et al., 2001, Chow et al., 2004, Irwin and Wong, 2005, Cardoso et

• Three main transport systems are involved

  2022-10-11

  

  Three main transport systems are involved in solute loss and red cell dehydration (summarised in Fig. 1: Lew and Bookchin, 2005): the deoxygenation-induced cation conductance (sometimes termed Psickle), the Ca-activated K+ channel (or Gardos channel) and the KCl cotransporter (KCC). Psickle is activ

• br Significance Metabolites present in the

  2022-10-11

  

  Significance Metabolites present in the extracellular environment can potently modulate cellular phenotypes and potentially serve as therapeutics for various diseases. Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic cell death process characterized by the generation of toxic lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). I

• Sumoylation of transcription factors has

  2022-10-11

  

  Sumoylation of transcription factors has been generally linked to transcriptional repression and, in a few cases, to transcriptional activation [60] Accumulating evidence implies that corepressor complex subunits, including CoREST, CtBP, Daxx, NCoR1, SMRT and histone deacetylase complexes (HDACs), p

• To date the underlying mechanism of ropivacaine in

  2022-10-11

  

  To date, the underlying mechanism of ropivacaine in inducing neurotoxicity remains unclear. Cell death was intimately involved in local-anesthetic neurotoxicity [6,18]. Two classic signaling pathways triggered cell death: the extrinsic pathway and the intrinsic pathway [12]. Our study demonstrated t

• The exact mechanism by which N BPs

  2022-10-11

  

  The exact mechanism by which N-BPs inhibit FPPS remains unclear. Computer modeling [10] suggests that N-BPs mimic the structure of the enzyme’s natural isoprenoid pyrophosphate substrates, geranyl pyrophosphate (GPP)/dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) or act as carbocation transition state analogs

• br Factor Xa an enzyme in

  2022-10-11

  

  Factor Xa, an enzyme in the coagulation cascade, has recently been identified as having a role in inflammation, generating interest in factor Xa inhibitors as anti-inflammatory agents beyond their established use as anticoagulants [, , , ]. We report sustained clinical and electrophysiologic impro

• A small number of patients had

  2022-10-10

  

  A small number of patients (11%) had accessory integrase mutations (E157Q, G163R, L74IM, and/or V151I) that confer potential or low-level resistance and generally only when they occur in combination with other high/intermediate level resistance mutations. This is a somewhat higher incidence than tha

• br Effects of norepinephrine on HIV infection The

  2022-10-10

  

  Effects of norepinephrine on HIV infection The few in vitro studies specifically examining the effects of norepinephrine on HIV infection suggest that this catecholamine can influence the HIV replication process, although the precise mechanism is unclear. Cole and colleagues found concentrations

• Taken together the four HRs couple with

  2022-10-10

  

  Taken together, the four HRs couple with several different signaling pathways modulating various G-proteins (Fig. 1). Histamine H1R The H1R, including many other biogenic amine receptors, is one of the GPCR family members (see for a complete list e.g. http://www.gpcr.org/7tm/ or http://tools.gpc

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