• The effect of the selected compounds on NF

  2022-04-06

  

  The effect of the selected compounds on NF-kB transrepression was assessed using the well-studied HeLa B2 cell line that expresses endogenous GR and NF-kB family members and responds properly to glucocorticoids and pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF). Our data revealed that the two hit compound

• As glucagon stimulated hepatic glucose production is a

  2022-04-06

  

  As glucagon-stimulated hepatic EZLink Sulfo-NHS-SS-Biotin Kit production is a key component of the normal response to hypoglycemia, the potential of a GCGr antagonist to delay or prevent recovery from a hypoglycemic state is a critical safety issue that must be addressed. Studies of the effects on t

• We are aware that the classical biochemical view

  2022-04-06

  

  We are aware that the classical biochemical view is centered on the local concentrations of specific ion and molecules rather than on cell electric potentials. However, important downstream processes can be influenced by acting locally on these potentials because they regulate the conductance of the

• The G protein coupled receptor

  2022-04-06

  

  The G protein-coupled receptor, GPR40 (also called FFAR1) responds to medium and long chain unsaturated fatty acids, resulting in increase of insulin secretion during elevated glucose levels. The glucose dependency of insulin secretion makes this receptor a very good target for developing therapies

• br Materials and methods br Results and discussion br

  2022-04-06

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to Dr. N. Prevete for providing the human AGS shCTR and AGS shFPR2 cells. This work was supported by POR Campania FSE 2007-2013 Project CREME and Ministry of Health, Italy, RF-2011-02349269.

• br Declaration of interest br

  2022-04-02

  

  Declaration of interest Acknowledgments This work was supported by grants from the Polish National Science Centre (PRELUDIUM grant no. 2013/11/N/NZ5/00270) and the European Commission FP7 Project Beta-JUDO (grant number 279 153), European Union EIT Health project DeTecT2D, Swedish Diabetes A

• In the current study we report

  2022-04-02

  

  In the current study, we report the properties of P. anserina mutants carrying mutations in a gene encoding the bi-functional enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFK-2/FBPase-2). This enzyme catalyzes two opposite reactions (Pilkis et al., 1995, Rider et al., 2004): synthesi

• Mammalian CAPS includes two i http www

  2022-04-02

  

  Mammalian CAPS includes two isoforms, CAPS-1 and CAPS-2. Both isoforms contain several functional domains, including a C2 domain that is likely responsible for CAPS dimerization (Petrie et al., 2016), a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain that binds PIP2 (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) and media

• The present findings demonstrate for the first

  2022-04-02

  

  The present findings demonstrate for the first time in immature rats that hippocampal infusion of ET-1 results in a rapid and long-lasting decrease in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and oxygen saturation (pO2). These data are in accord with the results of studies and adult animals, which have s

• CD CD belong to the costimulatory

  2022-04-02

  

  CD80/CD86 belong to the costimulatory adhesion molecule family, which can activate T chemokine receptor by the costimulatory pathway and have been used as indicators of DC maturation in numerous studies. In addition, MHC-II, as the principal component of antigen presentation, was significantly elev

• Our previous study provided some evidence that the p

  2022-04-02

  

  Our previous study provided some evidence that the pre-treatment of livers with rapamycin induces the expression of HO-1 and Prx-1 (Kist et al., 2012). The present results define the dose-response curve for the induction of HO-1 and Prx-1 expression by rapamycin in normal hepatocytes. While, in the

• TRAPP Transport Protein Particle complexes share a

  2022-04-02

  

  TRAPP (Transport Protein Particle) complexes share a common core architecture and function in natural antibiotics and autophagy (Kim et al., 2016). In yeast, the core complex has GEF activity for the Rab1 ortholog Ypt1. The larger TRAPPII and III complexes include regulatory subunits implicated in

• Signaling pathways that control the redox stress response in

  2022-04-02

  

  Signaling pathways that control the redox stress response in P. brasiliensis are poorly known, but in other dimorphic fungi, the involvement of MAPK is an important factor in this process [[13], [14], [15]]. For example, when alveolar macrophages are challenged with Aspergillus or Cryptococcus conid

• Toc and Toc are GTPases

  2022-04-02

  

  Toc34 and Toc159 are GTPases that regulate initial steps of preprotein import [3,4,26]. It was shown that GTP hydrolysis of at least one receptor is necessary to initiate the translocation process [23,27]. As reported for other small G-proteins, Toc34 and Toc159 bind their cargo in a nucleotide-depe

• Introduction Multiple sclerosis MS a neurological

  2022-04-02

  

  Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS), a neurological autoimmune disease, is driven by CD4+ Actinomycin D receptor of the T helper (TH) cells [1]. There is no curative treatment for MS and the present treatments typically focus on immunomodulation for slowing the progression of the disease. These i

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