• A high fat maternal diet during the pregestation period

  2022-01-03

  

  A high-fat maternal diet during the pregestation period and extending throughout gestation (including the period of conception) has the propensity of affecting early embryonic development and placentation. Previous investigations have revealed that the preimplantation embryos are generally exposed t

• br Acknowledgements The authors are grateful for funding pro

  2022-01-03

  

  Acknowledgements The authors are grateful for funding provided by the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Introduction Glucose is the most important energy carrier of the brain. Glucose transporter type 1 (Glut1) is located at the blood–brain barrier and assures the energy-independent, fa

• br Conclusion br Conflict of Interest JJH has collaborated

  2022-01-03

  

  Conclusion Conflict-of-Interest JJH has collaborated with several different pharmaceutical companies during the last 30 years; is currently receiving speaker honoraria from NovoNordisk and MSD and is on advisory boards for NovoNordisk. The author is currently supported by an independent grant

• The presented results speak for the

  2022-01-03

  

  The presented results speak for the direct effects of ghrelin on rat spermatozoa, which are accomplished by the activation of the GHSR-1a receptor. Thus, the results seem to be of physiological significance in vivo since ghrelin, the natural ligand of GHSR-1a, was found to be present in the seminal

• Three main transport systems are involved in solute

  2022-01-03

  

  Three main transport systems are involved in solute loss and red cell dehydration (summarised in Fig. 1: Lew and Bookchin, 2005): the deoxygenation-induced cation conductance (sometimes termed Psickle), the Ca-activated K+ channel (or Gardos channel) and the KCl cotransporter (KCC). Psickle is activ

• In a mouse model of hyperhomocysteinemia a

  2022-01-03

  

  In a mouse model of hyperhomocysteinemia (a risk factor for the development of vascular dysfunction) it has been shown that myoendothelial communication is enhanced due to increased expression of Cx37 and IK1 GSK2606414 sale [], allowing the propagation of endothelial signals to VSMC and thereby dec

• Due to the presence of all FGFRs in the epithelium

  2022-01-03

  

  Due to the presence of all FGFRs in the epithelium, there are several FGFs ligands that could be binding to these FGF receptors, namely FGFs 1–4, 8–10, 16 and 18–20. By evaluating the known roles of FGFs in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and in bone development, this list can be reduced. For ex

• br Discussion Our results showed that

  2022-01-03

  

  Discussion Our results showed that the histamine H1 receptor antagonist/inverse agonists, pyrilamine and cetirizine, attenuated not only NMDAR-mediated synaptic current but also LTP in Shaffer collateral-CA1 pyramidal neuron synapses. The H1 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist-induced attenuation

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2022-01-03

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The major findings of the present study are that: 1) the response to inverse agonists may be crossregulated by the activation of either L-Glutathione Reduced mg H1 or H2 receptors, 2) histamine H1 and H2 receptor inverse agonists crossdesensitize th

• br Mechanisms of HDAC inhibition dependent

  2022-01-03

  

  Mechanisms of HDAC inhibition-dependent cardioprotection Multiple preclinical studies have demonstrated potent cardioprotective benefits of HDAC inhibition in murine models of myocardial stress, including I/R [19,25,29,30]. TSA reduces myocardial infarct size by up to 50% [19,25]. In addition, tr

• Finally the formation of a regular network of fusion

  2021-12-31

  

  Finally, the formation of a regular network of fusion glycoproteins in their post-fusion state is not exclusive of vesiculovirus G. More or less regular networks have been also observed with other class III fusion glycoproteins such as pseudorabies gB [85] and several class II fusion glycoproteins [

• In this study for the first time

  2021-12-31

  

  In this study, for the first time: 1) the electrochemical glutamate oxidase-based biosensor was optimized for the determination of low micromolar glutamate concentrations; 2) the algorithm of the analysis of exocytotic and transporter–mediated glutamate release was developed; 3) the comparative anal

• br Declaration of interest br

  2021-12-31

  

  Declaration of interest Acknowledgments This work was supported by grants from the Polish National Science Centre (PRELUDIUM grant no. 2013/11/N/NZ5/00270) and the European Commission FP7 Project Beta-JUDO (grant number 279 153), European Union EIT Health project DeTecT2D, Swedish Diabetes A

• Finally it is possible that the increase in

  2021-12-31

  

  Finally, it is possible that the increase in the number of EAAT-3-labelled cells in the DG at PD 60, when compared with the control and experimental animals at PD 14, is associated with natural changes in the number of neurons present during the postnatal development of the hippocampus (41, 42) and,

• After ischemia expression of transcription factors

  2021-12-31

  

  After ischemia, expression of transcription factors, including products of immediate early genes, stress proteins and neurotrophic factors are also altered in CA1 neurons78, 79. These proteins are potential candidates for downregulating of GluR2 expression by reducing mRNA transcription or stability

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