• Reduction of the hydrolysis of ATP

  2021-11-19

  

  Reduction of the hydrolysis of ATP is an important strategy to reduce ischemia/reperfusion injury. Increased intracellular concentrations of solutes secondary to ATP depletion are known to result in osmotic swelling that may be sufficient to cause sarcolemmal rupture. Cinaciguat activates sGC direct

• br Rho protein networks in

  2021-11-19

  

  Rho protein networks in malignancy It has long been recognized that Rho activity and expression are frequently elevated in tumors (Fritz et al., 1999, Orgaz et al., 2014). In this chapter we will introduce the most prominent Rho proteins, their regulators and effectors and provide an overview of

• Mice lacking S nitrosoglutathione reductase GSNOR a denitros

  2021-11-19

  

  Mice lacking S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), a denitrosylase that regulates S-nitrosylation, have increased levels of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and exhibit nitrosative stress. GSNO is in equilibrium with protein S-nitrosylation in cells, and GSNOR controls the cellular concentration of pro

• GPR is a G protein coupled receptor

  2021-11-19

  

  GPR55 is a G protein-coupled receptor that has pro-oncogenic properties and whose expression correlates with tumor aggressiveness and increased activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade [12]. Elevated expression of GPR55 has been linked to aggressiveness in human pancreatic,

• Modulation of the cannabinoid system has been reported to ex

  2021-11-19

  

  Modulation of the cannabinoid system has been reported to exert anti-parkinsonian properties through different mechanisms. On one hand, cannabinoids have neuroprotective properties in different rodent models of PD, both through a CB1/CB2 receptor-independent mechanism (Lastres-Becker et al., 2005) a

• br Pharmacology br Background to

  2021-11-19

  

  Pharmacology Background to GPR35 function The emerging function of GPR35 in the nervous system Conclusions The role of GPR35 in the modulation of synaptic transmission, neurogenic and inflammatory pain, and potential signalling pathways involved in these processes are beginning to emerge

• br Introduction Inflammatory bowel diseases IBDs including C

  2021-11-19

  

  Introduction Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (Baumgart and Sandborn, 2012; Beaugerie et al., 2006) are typically characterized by chronic, progressive, and relapsing inflammation of the intestine. Although the exact pathogenesis of IBD is unknow

• Tankyrase Inhibitors 22 One difficulty in studying gp is tha

  2021-11-19

  

  One difficulty in studying gp120 is that it binds to more than one receptor. Understanding how Tankyrase Inhibitors 22 respond to gp120 is complex because of this promiscuity. In an attempt to establish the contribution of CXCR4 in the antagonistic effect of gp120 on morphine-induced antinociceptio

• br Discussion The pattern of activity

  2021-11-19

  

  Discussion The pattern of activity exhibited by SSR 504734 and Lu AA21279 in the MEST test was very similar. Both compounds were inactive at the lowest dose (3.0mg/kg), but exhibited robust increases (∼150%) at 10mg/kg followed by a maximal detectable response at 30mg/kg. Based on the magnitude o

• Glutamate aspartate transporters or excitatory

  2021-11-18

  

  Glutamate-aspartate transporters or excitatory amino Budesonide transporters (EAATs) are essential for the maintenance of glutamate homeostasis. EAATs are widely distributed in central neurons and glial cells (Danbolt, 2001, Martinez-Lozada et al., 2011). They are driven by Na + and K+ gradients (J

• Activation of Akt signaling is common in

  2021-11-18

  

  Activation of Akt signaling is common in nearly all of the human malignancies (Altomare & Testa, 2005). It has been reported that microRNA-200c targets Akt signaling pathway to inhibit cell apoptosis of pituitary adenoma (Liao et al., 2014). In addition, Akt signaling pathway regulates the expressi

• Interestingly GAL has also been

  2021-11-18

  

  Interestingly, GAL has also been shown to be co-expressed and/or secreted in luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) (Merchenthaler et al., 1991, Marks et al., 1994) and kisspeptin (KISS) neurons (Porteous et al., 2011). Furthermore, GAL was shown to stimulate luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion

• During the course of our optimization of the diarylsulfonami

  2021-11-18

  

  During the course of our optimization of the diarylsulfonamide chemotype as FFA4 agonists, we identified xanthene as a potent and selective antagonist of FFA4 (). Xanthene was able to block the agonist induced intracellular Ca response elicited by both linoleic bapta and compound in competition

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2021-11-18

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion FFAR4 is a G-protein coupled free fatty Quercitrin sale receptor that has been reported to be expressed in osteoclasts and osteoblasts [18]. In this study the role of FFAR4 on the effects of different classes of UFAs, the ω−6 PUFA, AA, the ω−3 PUFAs

• Natural product based drug discovery can

  2021-11-18

  

  Natural-product-based drug discovery can be enhanced with computational methods [205]. Because most of the reported small-molecule natural inhibitors of fMLF-induced functional responses were not evaluated in Neochlorogenic acid binding assays, we used molecular modeling to predict how well these c

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