• E6 Berbamine We also noticed that acetic acid

  2021-10-22

  

  We also noticed that acetic acid by itself (used to induce pain) increased spinal cord levels of KYNA (see Fig. 5). The most rational explanation of this finding is based on the possibility that acetic acid and KYNA share the same transport systems and the finding is therefore not surprising. Altho

• T L cells can be

  2021-10-22

  

  3T3-L1 cells can be induced to differentiate into adipocytes by the appropriate hormonal treatment and they offer a useful in vitro model system for adipogenesis. GPR120 mRNA was detected in differentiated mature adipocytes but not in confluent preadipocytes (Fig. 3A). The level of GPR120 mRNA incre

• Additionally OsGly I overexpressing transgenic rice plants h

  2021-10-22

  

  Additionally, OsGly I-overexpressing transgenic rice plants had higher grain yields than WT (Table 2). Although there were no significant differences in the number of effective panicles per plant, panicle length, grain numbers per panicle, or 1000-grain weight between WT and transgenic plants, the s

• br Results and discussion A diverse set

  2021-10-22

  

  Results and discussion A diverse set of compounds were synthesized to improve the PK and physicochemical properties of 2. Compounds' agonist effects on hGPR40 were assessed by calcium mobilization assay using hGPR40-HEK293 cell line which stably expressed human GPR40. Preliminary explorations fo

• The structure and activity of GLUT has

  2021-10-22

  

  The structure and activity of GLUT1 has been most intensively studied in erythrocytes, in which this transporter makes up 10–20% of membrane protein content. Carruthers has shown that, while GLUT1 can exist and transport glucose as monomers, dimers and tetramers, in erythrocytes GLUT1 exists predomi

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2021-10-22

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Our liver-specific Gck (−/−) mice and another line of liver-specific mice [13] exhibited impaired glucose tolerance. Furthermore, both knockout mice showed decreased hepatic glycogen content and reduced Pklr and Fas gene K-252c in the liver [11]. Ho

• This study introduces a mouse model carrying the

  2021-10-21

  

  This study introduces a mouse model carrying the point mutation R258W in Ffar1, which abolishes the stimulation of insulin secretion in response to long chain fatty acids. The minimal genetic alteration mirrors the human situation and has the advantage over conventional knockout/congenic mouse model

• Trifluoromethyl ketones and fluorophosphates were the first

  2021-10-21

  

  Trifluoromethyl ketones and fluorophosphates were the first generation FAAH inhibitors identified. They showed good in vitro FAAH inhibition potency, but most of them exhibited poor selectivity for FAAH over other serine hydrolases (such as the triacylglycerol hydrolase and the membrane-associated h

• br Acknowledgements This work was

  2021-10-21

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from la Ligue Nationale Française Contre le Cancer « Equipe LNCC 2016 » and Electricité de France RB 2016-17 (to M.S.), NU ORAU (http://www.nu.edu.kz) and Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, program 0115RK03029 (to B.

• br Introduction Cherry tomato Solanum lycopersicum L

  2021-10-21

  

  Introduction Cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a commonly consumed fruit on a worldwide scale due to its characteristic flavor and high nutrition (Wei et al., 2016, Yu et al., 2014). Tomato is low in fat and calories, and is a rich natural source of nutrition and bioactive antioxidant co

• Several studies have shown that regulation

  2021-10-21

  

  Several studies have shown that regulation of glutamate homeostasis is critical in relapse to many drugs of abuse [84,85]. Glutamate is transported by GLT-1, which accounted for about 90% of glutamate clearance from the synaptic cleft [14,15]. CEF is known to produce its effects through GLT-1 upregu

• filipin Previous reports have showed that the expression and

  2021-10-21

  

  Previous reports have showed that the expression and localization of GLUT8 in mouse (Gómez et al., 2006; Kim and Moley, 2007), rat (Ibberson et al., 2002) and human (Schürmann et al., 2002). In this study, GLUT8 protein mainly localized in the spermatocytes, elongated and round spermatids in the adu

• br Introduction Glucose homeostasis is primarily regulated

  2021-10-21

  

  Introduction Glucose homeostasis is primarily regulated by the hormones insulin and glucagon, secreted from the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Although insulin produced by β alln is the blood glucose-lowering hormone, glucagon secreted from α cells acts as the major counter-regulatory hormone

• The intestinal epithelium is the first line of defense again

  2021-10-21

  

  The intestinal epithelium is the first line of defense against pathogens and noxious agents and exerts a range of physiological activities, including digestion and KU-55933 of nutrients. The intestinal wall consists of a series of finger shaped protrusions called villi and invaginations known as cr

• br Experimental section br Acknowledgements This study

  2021-10-21

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgements This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 81673299 and 81273376). Introduction Free fatty acids (FFAs) are important metabolic fuels and those that are polyunsaturated are essential components of t

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