• br Introduction Plasmodium falciparum malaria continues to b

  2021-07-27

  

  Introduction Plasmodium falciparum malaria continues to be a major global cause of mortality and morbidity. Malaria treatment and control has been complicated by the emergence of resistance to widespread antimalarial drug use. The most common method for measuring antimalarial resistance is estima

• br Materials and methods Male Hartley guinea pigs

  2021-07-26

  

  Materials and methods Male Hartley guinea pigs (300–350g) were obtained from National Laboratory Animal Center, Taiwan. LTD4, LTC4, LTE4, LTB4, montelukast and BAY u9773 were purchased from Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Carbachol, atropine, l-serine, boric acid, l-cysteine and all buffer

• Diclofenac ibuprofen and meloxicam are considered

  2021-07-26

  

  Diclofenac, ibuprofen, and meloxicam are considered among the most commonly used NSAIDs in many countries [4]. Cardiovascular events were reported with these NSAIDs in several clinical studies. In this study, we provide novel information that diclofenac and ibuprofen altered gene expression and may

• Another breakthrough towards the understanding of the mechan

  2021-07-26

  

  Another breakthrough towards the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for stress-induced relapse to drug seeking behaviour is the evidence published by the group of Wise [34] in which they show that the activation of VTA CRF2 and not CRF1 receptors is responsible for stress-mediated relapse t

• The main variable of the study was whether there was

  2021-07-26

  

  The main variable of the study was whether there was an association between the COMT Val158Met polymorphism and motor behavior. Additionally, it was investigated whether the effects of the COMT genotypes on the role played by tonic/phasic DA are associated with the stability/flexibility nature of th

• The present study has shown that additional protein stabilit

  2021-07-26

  

  The present study has shown that additional protein stability can be achieved (Fig. 6). The 0.6 to 1.0 °C increases that were observed were not large compared, for example, to the ∼5 °C increase that has been reported using sequence modifications [22]. This may reflect that the Hyp enters both the X

• br Discussion The membrane PVase activity

  2021-07-26

  

  Discussion The membrane PVase activity components were discriminated in this work by pre-incubating with PMSF, mipafox, paraoxon or PMSF + mipafox to irreversibly inhibitPVase activity to discriminate the enzymatic components, (EPα, EPβ, EPγ and EPδ). The concentrations employed to discriminate t

• Raloxifene is a second generation SERM that

  2021-07-26

  

  Raloxifene is a second generation SERM that has tissue-specific effects that differ from those of tamoxifen. Raloxifene was marketed for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in the US and Europe. In a phase II randomized double-blind study, tamoxifen and raloxifene were e

• Since clinical studies mostly involved

  2021-07-26

  

  Since clinical studies mostly involved cases that used MPA, data from studies that examined other types of progestogens are very limited. While the WHI study examined the combination of conjugated equine estrogens plus MPA [1], the Million Women Study [2] that also demonstrated an increased risk of

• Finally naringin and hesperidin have different glycosidic

  2021-07-26

  

  Finally, naringin and hesperidin have different glycosidic moieties (neohesperidose α-1,2 and rutinose α-1,6 respectively), bound in the same C7 position on the A ring of the flavonoid. The higher value of k/KM of RHA-Phis towards the former substrate suggests that the enzyme shows a preferential hy

• Estrogen related receptors ERRs are orphan nuclear

  2021-07-26

  

  Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are orphan nuclear receptors and have three members including ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ (Yasumoto et al., 2007). Though they are termed as ERRs due to the sequence homology with estrogen receptors, they don’t need to bind estrogens to exert action. Generally, ERRs bind t

• br Sources of funding br Disclosures br Acknowledgments br I

  2021-07-26

  

  Sources of funding Disclosures Acknowledgments Introduction Insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells is a fundamental process to maintain blood glucose homeostasis. During glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, high glucose causes closure of ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP channels), sub

• The liposomes as a FDA approved

  2021-07-26

  

  The liposomes, as a FDA-approved drug delivery carrier, have been widely utilized for drug delivery [32], [33], [34]. Liposomes are defined as self-assembled vesicles, which are composed of one or multiple concentric lipid bilayers and enclose an aqueous core. The advantages of utilizing liposomes a

• Mammalian cells contain significant amounts of a relatively

  2021-07-26

  

  Mammalian cells contain significant amounts of a relatively lesser known enzyme that shows marked specifity for ether lipids containing AA and other 20–22 carbon fatty acids. This enzyme is called CoA-independent transacylase (CoA-IT), and transfers polyunsaturated moieties of 20–22 carbons, typical

• Ultrasound is an acoustic wave with a

  2021-07-26

  

  Ultrasound is an acoustic wave with a frequency >20 kHz that needs a medium to propagate [20]. Accompanied by the spread of an ultrasonic wave, a series of alternating cycles of compression and rarefaction emerge in the liquid medium. During the rarefaction cycle, microbubbles are formed because of

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